(1吉林大学哲学社会学院, 长春 130012) (2清华大学心理与认知科学系, 北京 100084)
摘 要 随着智能时代的来临, 人、机边界变得模糊, 如何重新认识和发展人类的独特优势变得更加凸显和紧迫; 同时, 随着技术进步以及心理学理论、范式的不断转型, 一个涵盖人、动物和机器心智与行为的广义心理学正在形成。研究者从人工智能影响、新型人机关系、人工智能方法和学科交叉赋能等角度, 开展了一系列人工智能心理与治理研究。未来的心理研究者要立足人类社会和未来发展, 反思人工智能冲击下的人类地位与人性尊严, 特别是人类长期进化而来的审美感、创造力、同理心等独特优势以及不断延伸的人类本质和身份边界; 真正掌握和利用人工智能技术赋能心理学发展, 让人类意识黑箱和复杂社会行为的研究更加精确和高效, 并推动人工智能在心智计算、决策与干预等领域的应用; 尤其要思考心理学如何赋能人工智能, 发挥前者在研究人性、价值观、社会关系等领域的优势, 研究智能认知及其与人和动物的异同, 促进人工智能的合理使用与人机共生社会的良善治理。
关键词 人工智能心理, 人类优势, 智能认知, 个性化, 科技向善
分类号 B842
Human advantages and psychological transformations in the era of artificial intelligence
WU Michael Shengtao1, PENG Kaiping2
(1 School of Philosophy and Sociology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China)
(2 Department of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China)
Abstract In the era of artificial intelligence (AI), the boundaries between humans and machines have become blurred, and re-understanding and developing humanity's unique advantages are increasingly prominent and urgent. Meanwhile, with the rapid development of technology and scientific paradigm, a broad psychology encompassing the minds and behaviors of humans, animals, and machines is emerging. Recent researchers have conducted a series of studies on the psychology and governance of AI, from the perspectives of impacts of AI, new human-machine relationships, AI methods, and interdisciplinary empowerment. Future psychology researchers should focus on human society and future development, and reflect on the status of humanity and human dignity under the impact of AI, especially the unique advantages derived from human evolution as well as the expansions of human nature and identity; truly master and utilize AI technologies to empower the development of psychology, making mind research on the black box of human consciousness and complex social behavior more precise and efficient, and promoting AI-based mind computation and intervention across time and space scales and personalized interventions. More important, they must consider how psychology (with strengths in studying human nature, social relations, and ethical values) could empower the development of AI, by exploring AI cognition and its comparison with humans and animals, which is critical for promoting the AI application and governance in a human-machine symbiotic society.
Keywords psychology of artificial intelligence, human advantage, intelligent cognition, personalization, technology for goodness.
